What do we call the science dedicated to improving workplace conditions for safety and efficiency?

The term that refers to the science dedicated to improving workplace conditions for safety and efficiency is ergonomics. Ergonomics focuses on designing and arranging workplaces, products, and systems to fit the people who use them, ensuring that tasks can be performed safely and efficiently. This discipline examines the physical and cognitive aspects of work environments, aiming to reduce the risk of injury and enhance productivity by optimizing workers' interactions with their surroundings.

While occupational health is related to the well-being and health of employees, and workplace safety encompasses the broader measures and policies implemented to protect workers, it is ergonomics that specifically addresses human factors and how to tailor work conditions to maximize comfort and performance. Human Resources Management, on the other hand, deals primarily with the administration of employee-related functions rather than the scientific approach to physical work conditions. Thus, ergonomics is the most accurate term among the options provided for the focus on creating optimal workplace environments.