In the U.S. judicial system, who bears the burden of proof in a criminal case?

In the U.S. judicial system, the prosecution bears the burden of proof in a criminal case. This primary responsibility means that the prosecution must present sufficient evidence to convince the jury of the defendant's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. This standard is foundational to the justice system, as it helps protect individuals from wrongful conviction and ensures that any punishment is only imposed when there is a high degree of certainty regarding the defendant's guilt.

The burden of proof includes not only presenting evidence but also demonstrating the various elements of the alleged crime. If the prosecution fails to meet this burden, the defendant is entitled to an acquittal. This principle underscores the presumption of innocence afforded to defendants, ensuring that it is the state that must affirmatively prove a criminal charge rather than the defendant being required to prove their innocence.